PAPERS
PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN
Class 42
PANCASILA AS NATIONAL IDEOLOGY
Compiled by :
YONI CAHYONO
NIM : 131510501142
Prodi : Agrotechnologi
Fakulty : Agriculture
UNIVERSITY OF JEMBER (UNEJ)
Jalan Kalimantan No. 37 - Bumi Tegal Boto
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Many kinds of ideology in this world. Almost each country has its own ideology to suit his country. Because ideology is the basis or the ideas or ideals of the country to the more developed and advanced. However, with the development of the times, the state ideology should not be lost and remain the guidelines and remain embedded in each of its citizens.
Pancasila is ideology of Indonesia. Pancasila ideology is used as a way of life for the people of Indonesia in developing countries in various aspects of Indonesia. With this ideology of the Indonesian nation can achieve increased independence and well ahead of the potential of natural resources and human resources. However, as time goes by, the more advanced age, and the more advanced technology as though ideology Pancasila only as a complement to state that it appears that Indonesia is a country that is free and independent.
Lots of good behavior among officials and citizens do not act in accordance with the ideology of Pancasila. There are several factors why our nation slightly deviated from the ideology of Pancasila. In addition to the development of ideologies outside of or in addition to the Pancasila but also Indonesian people do not understand his ideology did not even know at all.
History has revealed that the Pancasila is the soul of all the people of Indonesia, which gives the power of life and led her to the Indonesian people in the pursuit of inner and outer life are the better, in a society that is just and prosperous Indonesia. That Pancasila which has been accepted and designated as the state as stated in the preamble to the Constitution of 1945 is the nation's personality and outlook on life, which has been tested truth, ability and his power, so that no one is any force that is capable of separating Pancasila of Indonesian life.
Recognizing that sustainability skills and magic to the Pancasila, needs to be put in a real and continuous appreciation and practice of the noble values contained therein by any Indonesian citizen, every state officials as well as any state and civil society institutions, both at national and at areas. Pancasila as the State, then practice and securing the Pancasila as the State has the imperative nature and force, meaning that every Indonesian citizen to be submissive and obedient to him.
1.2 Formulation Problem
- What is definition of Ideology?
- What role pancasila as the national ideology?
- What ideological differences open and closed ideologies ?
CHAPTER 2. DISCUSSION
2.1 Definition of Ideology
Ideology is derived from the idea (English), which means the idea, understanding. Greek verb oida = knowing, seeing with the mind. The word "logy" is derived from the Greek word logos, which means knowledge. So ideology has meaning knowledge of the ideas, the knowledge of the ideas, the science of ideas or teachings about basic notions. In terms of day-to-day by Kaelan 'idea' is equated with the ideal means.
Ideology is a set of ideas or ideas. The word ideology itself was created by Destus de Tracypada late 18th century to define a "science of ideas". Ideology can be thought of as a comprehensive vision, as a way of looking at things (compare Weltanschauung), in general (see Ideology in everyday life) and some philosophical direction (see political ideology), or a group of ideas proposed by the dominant class to all members society. The main purpose behind an ideology is to offer change through a normative thought process. Ideologies are systems of abstract thought (not just the formation of the idea) that applied to public problems that make this concept become a political core. Implicitly every political thought to follow an ideology, although not placed as an explicit system of thought. (Definition of Marxist ideology).
In a sense there is a development ideology propounded by some experts.
· According to (Tracy, 1796) ideology is 'science of ideas', a program that is expected to bring institutional changes in French society.
· Karl Marx defines ideology as a way of life which was developed based on the interests of a particular social group or class in the political or socio-economic.
· Gunawan Setiardjo argued that ideology is a set of ideas about human rights and the whole reality dijadikan guidelines and ideals of life.
This ideology is functionally classified into two types, namely doctrinaire ideology and pragmatic ideology.
· Doctrinaire ideology: the teachings contained in this ideology formulated systematically, and implementation is closely monitored by party officials or government officials. For example, is communism.
· ideology is pragmatic: if the teachings contained in the ideology is not formulated in a systematic and detailed, but formulated general principles only, and functional ideology was disseminated through the life of the family, the education system, economic system, religion and life political system.
Implementation of pragmatic ideology is not supervised by the party apparatus or apparatus pemerintahmelainkan by setting institutionalization (Internalization), for example, individualism or liberalism. Ideology is structurally defined as a system of justification, such as political ideas and formulas for any kebijakan and actions taken by the authorities.
2.2 The Role of Pancasila as the National Ideology
As described earlier, ideology contains basic values, norms and ideals to be realized by the people of adherents. Therefore, ideology has a role as a base, direction, and goals to be achieved in the society, nation and state.
· As the basis
That is a starting base, or foundation principle upon which all life activities of the community, the nation, and the state was built and is generally derived from the basic values that develop and live within the community itself (dimension of reality). Pancasila since the beginning of the discussion (BPUPKI session May 29 to June 1, 1945 and a joint session of June 22, 1945) is planned to serve the State. Dated August 18, 1945 trial PPKI formally establish the Pancasila as the Unitary Republic of Indonesia.
· As the Steering
This means that as a regulator and controller of the life of the community, the nation and the State in the form of norms or rules that must be followed to the direction to achieve goals or objectives do not deviate (dimensions normality). Here Pancasila incarnating himself as a director, in any motion control system in the nation and state. Role as the director showed the position of the Pancasila as the "source of all sources of law" all laws and regulations that exist in the Republic of Indonesia.
· As a Destination
This means that all activities in the society, nation and the state in turn leads to a goal or goals contained in the ideology used. Pancasila as the national ideology will provide motivation and encouragement to carry out nation building in a fair and balanced to achieve the goals stated in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution (dimensional ideals).
2.3 Opened Ideology and Closed Ideology
2.3.1 Understanding open Ideology
Ideology is open only contains basic orientation, while its translation into objectives and socio-political norms can always be questioned and adjusted to the values and moral principles developed in the community. Operational goals to be achieved can not be determined a priori, but must be agreed upon democratically. With an open ideology itself is inclusive, not totalitarian and can not be used to legitimize power of a group of people.
· Characteristic of Open Ideology
Characteristic of " Open Ideology" is that the values and ideals are not imposed from the outside, but was exhumed and taken from the wealth of spiritual, moral, and cultural communities themselves.
Basically instead of ideological conviction group of people, but community consensus. Ideology open is not created, but is found in society itself. Therefore, it is an Ideology open belongs to all the people, people can find themselves back in it. Ideology is open it can not only justified, but necessary. Characteristic of formal ideology is that it does not open immediately operational. Pancasila as an ideology is not rigid and closed, but is reformed, dynamic and open.
It is intended that the ideology of Pancasila besifat actual, dynamic, and senentiasa antisifasif able to finish with the times, science and technology as well as the dynamics of the development aspirations of the people. Disclosure ideology Pancasila does not mean changing the basic values contained therein, but more concrete insights explicit, so that reformative ability to solve actual problems that senentiasa been growing in line with the aspirations of the people, the development of science and technology and the times.
In Indonesia, the philosophical underpinnings which meant that is commonly referred to as the five principles of Pancasila meaning or five basic principles to achieve or realize the four goals of the state.
Five basic principles of Pancasila that includes the precepts or principles :
v Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa; (Belief in God Almighty)
v Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab; (Just and civilized humanity)
v Persatuan Indonesia; (Unity of Indonesia)
v Kerakyatan yang Dipimpin oleh Hikmat Kebijaksanaan dalam Permusyawaratan/Perwakilan; (Democracy Led by Wisdom in Consultative / Representative)
v Keadilan Sosial bagi Seluruh Rakyat Indonesia (Social justice for all Indonesian people).
The fifth precept is used as a philosophical-ideological basis to achieve the four goals or ideals state, namely:
1. Protecting the entire Indonesian nation and the entire country of Indonesia;
2. Improving the general welfare;
3. Feeding the life of the nation; and
4. Participate establishment of world order based on freedom, lasting peace, and social justice.
2.3.2 Understanding Closed Ideology
Ideology is closed or the teachings of world view or philosophy that determines the goals and norms of political and social, which ordained as a truth that can not be disputed, but must be accepted as something that is already finished and should be obeyed. Truth a closed ideology should not be questioned based on the values or moral principles of others. Dogmatic and a priori so that the contents can not be altered or modified by social experience. Because it does not tolerate ideological worldview or other values.
- · Characteristic of Closed Ideology
An ideology can be recognized from some closed characteristic. Ideology was not the ideals that have been living in the community, but in the form of the ideals of a group to which the program to transform and renew the community.
Ideology closed is the enemy tradition. If the group managed to seize political power, ideology it will be forced on people. Patterns and the rhythm of life, behavior norms and values of society will be changed, according to the ideology. The ideology itself sealed shall be valid and enforced by society adhered to a certain elite, which means authoritarian and executed in a way that totalitarian.
Ideology closed is usually Totalitarian, so concerns the whole life. Field is fully occupied and used immediately for the spread of the ideology it is a field that affects the attitudes of society, the field of information with mass media and education.
The views pluralism and cultural in society would be removed. Religions as a social form that makes immune to the influence of ideologies that are restricted and can be destroyed. For the sake of the ideology of human rights are not respected anymore, as stated by Rousseau. Real and pluralistic democracy will not be tolerated.
Closed ideology does not recognize the institution opponent relativize its demands. His power was always leaning toward the total. Closed ideology does not recognize the right of each person to have their own beliefs and judgment.
Examples of Ideology Closed :
The violence occurred IPDN long before Cliff Munthu case there Wahyu Hidayat who are victims of violence at IPDN.
CHAPTER 3. CLOSING
3.1 Conclusion
From the discussion of the pancasila as national ideology of as above, so it would be concluded as follows :
1. Pancasila as the national ideology can be defined as a view that contains the basic ideas and ideals about the history, people, society, and the state of Indonesia, which is sourced from the Indonesian culture.
2. Pancasila is the values and ideals of Indonesian people are not imposed from the outside, but dug up and taken from spiritual wealth, moral and cultural values of our own society.
3. Spirit of the ideology that is actually contained in the UUD 1945.
4. Disclosure ideology Pancasila in its application is primarily intended shaped pattern dynamic and conceptual thought in the modern world.
3.2 Advice
Pancasila as an ideology that contains the basic views and ideals about the history, people, society, and the state of Indonesia, which is sourced from Indonesian culture excavated and taken from the rich spiritual, moral and cultural values of our own society. We as the youth of the nation should continue to use and continue to maintain Pancasila as the basic value as a characteristic of us as a nation. Without having to be affected by foreign cultures that continue to hit our nation.
LITERATURE SOURCES
Srijanto Djarot, Drs., Waspodo Eling, BA, Mulyadi Drs. 1994 Tata Negara Sekolah Menngah Umum. Surakarta; PT. Pabelan.
Pangeran Alhaj S.T.S Drs., Surya Partia Usman Drs., 1995. Materi Pokok Pendekatan Pancasila. Jakarta; Universitas Terbuka Depdikbud.
NN. Tanpa Tahun. Pedoman Penghayatan Dan Pengamalan Pancasila. Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia Tap MPR No. II/MPR/1987.
Budiyanto, 2006, Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, Erlangga, Jakarta.
Winarno, S.Pd. M.Si. 2008, Paradigma Baru Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, PT. Bumi Aksara, Jakarta
Muhammad Yamin Notonegoro, Ir. Seokarno Berdasarkan Termilogi Prof. Dr. Roland Peanak, dalam bukunya “ Demokratic political Theory”. Memberi makna ligature sebagai Ikatan Budaya” atau Cultural bond.
